Perlindungan Konsumen dalam Perspektif Fikih Ekonomi Abu Hanifah: Analisis Akad Salam dan Istishna

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of consumer protection from the perspective of Islamic economic jurisprudence as proposed by Abu Hanifah, particularly through the practices of salam and istishna contracts. Both contracts represent forms of sale transactions in Islamic economics that involve ordering goods to be delivered in the future. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method by examining classical Hanafi jurisprudential literature as well as contemporary sources related to Islamic economics. The findings indicate that Abu Hanifah’s thought emphasizes the principles of justice, clarity of transaction objects, and certainty of rights and obligations of the parties as a form of consumer protection. In the salam contract, consumer protection is reflected through requirements ensuring clarity regarding the specifications of goods, quantity, price, and delivery time. Meanwhile, in the istishna contract, consumer protection is manifested through clear agreements on the production process, product quality, and mechanisms for resolving discrepancies if they occur. Therefore, the principles of Abu Hanifah’s economic jurisprudence remain relevant in developing fair and transparent transaction systems that ensure consumer protection within contemporary Islamic economic practices.