Peran Zakat Dalam Distribusi Kekayaan Untuk Keadilan Sosial Dalam Ekonomi Islam

Abstract

The Islamic economic system positions wealth distribution as a fundamental aspect in achieving social justice. One of the main instruments of distribution is zakat, which is not only a religious obligation but also carries social and economic dimensions. Zakat serves to channel wealth from the affluent to those who are entitled to receive it, thereby reducing inequality and strengthening communal solidarity. This study employs a literature review method with a qualitative approach to analyze the role of zakat in wealth distribution and social justice. The findings indicate that the principle of distribution in Islam is rooted in justice, brotherhood, and solidarity, realized through both market and non-market mechanisms. However, the effectiveness of zakat largely depends on trustworthy, transparent, and professional governance. The misuse of zakat funds in the West Java BAZNAS case highlights the weakness of oversight systems, which can undermine zakat’s role as a tool for justice. Therefore, strengthening governance, implementing sharia audits, and increasing public literacy are essential to ensure zakat functions optimally in promoting equitable welfare and achieving social justice.